In1960, the concept of cloud computing had begun, when John McCarthy opined,

“If computers of the kind I have advocated become the computers of the future, then computing may someday be organized as a public utility just as the telephone system is a public utility… The computer utility could become the basis of a new and important industry. “                                     John McCarthy, MIT Centennial in 1961

In 1997, the first academic definition of cloud computing was provided by Ramnath K. Chellappa who called it a computing paradigm where the boundaries of computing will be determined by economic rationale rather than technical limits.

In 1999 by Marc Andreessen, was one of the first to attempt to commercialize cloud computing with an Infrastructure as a Service model.

By the turn of the 21st century, the term “Cloud Computing” began to appear more widely, although most of the focus at that time was limited to SaaS (software as a service), called “ASP’s” or Application Service Providers.

Amazon having found that the new cloud architecture resulted in significant internal efficiency improvements. It played a key role in the development of cloud computing by modernizing their data centers after the dot-com bubble, which like most other computer networks were using as little as 10% of their capacity at any one time just to leave extra space for occasional of peak data.

In 2007, Google, IBM, and a number of universities embarked on a large-scale cloud computing research project.

By mid-2008, Gartner (an information technology research and advisory firm) saw an opportunity for cloud computing;

“To shape the relationship among consumers of IT services, those who use IT services and those who sell them”, and observed that;

“Organizations are switching from company-owned hardware and software assets to per-use service-based models” so;

“The projected shift to cloud computing will result in dramatic growth in IT service.”